PRODUCCIÓN Y CALIDAD DE FRAMBUESA (Rubus Idaeus L.) BAJO TÚNEL DE POLIETILENO Y CAMPO ABIERTO.

AGUIRRE MACÍAS, DIEGO ARMANDO (2020) PRODUCCIÓN Y CALIDAD DE FRAMBUESA (Rubus Idaeus L.) BAJO TÚNEL DE POLIETILENO Y CAMPO ABIERTO. Doctorado thesis, UNIVERSIDAD AUTONOMA DE CHIHUAHUA.

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Resumen

Polyethylene tunnels represent an interesting alternative to advance the fruiting period, in addition to improving the productivity of the raspberry. In the present work 'Heritage' raspberry was grown under two treatments (tunnel and outdoor), information on climate, plant morphology, yield and fruit quality was captured. The results indicated that, inside the tunnel, the maximum temperature increased, while the solar radiation (PAR) decreased. The emergence of canes was 14 days before in the tunnel and, in addition, they were longer. Flowering and the beginning of the harvest were 11 and 14 days earlier, respectively, compared to growing outdoors. The yield outside and in the tunnel was 3.1 and 4.2 kg m-1 , respectively. The average weight of the fruit ranged between 2.7 and 2.8 g, not finding significant differences between the cultivation method. The color, firmness, and total soluble solids of the fruit depended on the cultivation method. Analysis of phenolic compounds revealed that the fruit contained 3 main anthocyanins; cyanidin 3-sophoroside, cyanidin-3- glucoside and cyanidin 3-(2-glucosylrutinoside). The content of these anthocyanins, as well as ellagic acid, chlorogenic acid and catechin was lower in the fruits produced in the tunnel. Fructose and glucose were the most abundant sugars, followed by sucrose, which was observed in lower concentrations in fruits grown outdoors. The most abundant organic acid was citric, regardless of the cultivation method. The fruit grown in the tunnel presented a lower content of ascorbic acid. It is concluded that polyethylene tunnels represent an interesting strategy in temperate zones to advance the fruiting period and increase yield. However, the plastic cover has implications on the phytochemical composition of the fruit with slight reductions in phenolic compounds and ascorbic acid.

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