MODELAJE DE MINERALIZACIÓN Y HUNIFICACIÓN DE LA MATERIA ORGÁNICA EN SISTEMAS DE TRANSFORMACIÓN CONTROLADA.

SÁNCHEZ ROSALES , ROCÍO (2019) MODELAJE DE MINERALIZACIÓN Y HUNIFICACIÓN DE LA MATERIA ORGÁNICA EN SISTEMAS DE TRANSFORMACIÓN CONTROLADA. Doctorado thesis, UNIVERSIDAD AUTONOMA DE CHIHUAHUA.

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Resumen

Mineralization and humification are processes that participate on transformation of organic matter (OM) and define characteristics of products. However, due to wide variability and complexity of these processes, there is no single criterion that allows diagnosis, making evaluation and understanding difficult. Statistical modeling is a tool that has allowed us to understand dynamics and participation of organic waste during its transformation from interaction of different indicators, so the objective of this research was to model processes of mineralization and humification of OM in controlled transformation systems. An experiment was established with a mixture of pine sawdust and bovine manure under three transformation systems: composting (CP), vermicomposting (VC) and semi-composting (SC) during 196 days, eight samples were taken every 28 days to determine physical, chemical and biological parameters. Values of analyzes were subjected to correlation matrix analysis and principal components analysis, differentiating by system and time.The modeling of the mineralization and humification processes allowed to establish intensity of mineralization from day 1 to 84 days in SC and from day 1 to 112 days in VC and CP, while humification intensity was from 28 to 196 days in three systems, so it can be considered that processes developed simultaneously, although according to abundance of indicators, mineralization preceded humification. Mineralization indicators in three systems highlighted total organic carbon, germination index, electrical conductivity, nitrates, ratio of aliphatic over aromatics molecules, and volume, while humification indicators in all three systems exceeded total organic carbon, the ratio of aliphatic over aromatic molecules, and humification ratio. Intensity of mineralization showed stabilization over time in VC and SC, on CP increase was constant, in same way it happened with tintensity of humification. The modeling of the mineralization and humification processes can provide information about time, inputs and products of organic matter subjected to controlled transformation systems.

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