MITIGACIÓN DE LA EMISIÓN DE METANO EN LA FERMENTACIÓN RUMINAL, MEDIANTE EL USO DE ÁCIDO 3-NITRO-1-PROPIÓNICO

OCHOA GARCÍA, PEDRO ANTONIO (2017) MITIGACIÓN DE LA EMISIÓN DE METANO EN LA FERMENTACIÓN RUMINAL, MEDIANTE EL USO DE ÁCIDO 3-NITRO-1-PROPIÓNICO. Maestría thesis, UNIVERSIDAD AUTONOMA DE CHIHUAHUA.

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Resumen

Methanogenesis is a metabolic process that allows the rumen ecosystem the ability to maintain low partial pressures of hydrogen needed for proper digestive function. However, rumen methanogenesis is also considered to be an inefficient process because it can result in the loss of 4 to 12% of the total energy consumed by the host. Recent studies have shown that some short chain nitrocompounds such as nitroethane, 2-nitroethanol, 2-nitro-1-propanol and 3-nitro-1-propionic acid are capable of inhibiting the production of methane during in vitro culture; however, optimal supplementation doses have yet to be determined. In the present study, the naturally occurring nitrocompound, 3-nitro-1-propionic acid (3NPA) was supplement to in vitro cultures of freshly collected mixed populations of ruminal microbes to achieve 0, 3, 6, 9 or 12 mM. Analysis of fermentation products after 24 h of incubation revealed that methane production was reduced in a dose-dependent manner by 29 to 96% (P < 0.05) compared to the amount produced by untreated controls (15.03 ± 0.88 µmol mL-1 incubated liquid). Main effects of treatment were also observed on amounts of total gas and volatile fatty acids produced as well as on rates of 3NPA degradation, the latter which varied from 0.07 to 0.30 µmol mL-1. Changes in production of metabolites produced indicated that the caloric fermentation efficiency was not compromised by 3NPA treatment. Results further revealed that the microbial populations were able to metabolize more than 60% of the added nitrocompound, with the amount degraded being greatest in cultures treated with 12 mM 3NPA.

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