BIOREGULADORES DE CRECIMIENTO Y SU EFECTO EN CARBOHIDRATOS Y COMPONENTES DE RENDIMIENTO EN NOGAL PECANERO.

OROZCO MELÉNDEZ, LAURA RAQUEL (2021) BIOREGULADORES DE CRECIMIENTO Y SU EFECTO EN CARBOHIDRATOS Y COMPONENTES DE RENDIMIENTO EN NOGAL PECANERO. Doctorado thesis, UNIVERSIDAD AUTONOMA DE CHIHUAHUA.

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Resumen

The pecan nut [Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch.] is a deciduous species with a high economic impact and nutritional value that presents alternate bearing. The mitigation of alternate bearing through the initiation of pistillate flowers is very important to improve the yield and quality of the nut. There are studies in various fruit trees in which the applications of growth bioregulators such as gibberellic acid, thidiazuron, calcium prohexadione and paclobutrazol, improve yield and minimize alternate bearing. In this study, relevant information on the use of paclobutrazol in fruit production and its possible risks for the environment was collected, analyzed and summarized, as well as the concentration of foliar nutrients, non-structural carbohydrates, yield and quality of the nut in pecan 'Western Schley' in an orchard located in Chihuahua, Mexico in the agricultural cycles 2017 and 2018. The results obtained indicate that the application of paclobutrazol can be effective to solve some problems related to flowering, however, some studies have shown its residual effect in the environment. The growth bioregulators minimized the alternate bearing, affected the yield, however, the weight of the nut per kilogram and kernel percentage remained similar, as well as the foliar concentration of non-structural carbohydrates, N-total. P only showed a positive effect with a bioregulator (calcium prohexadione) and the foliar concentration of Zn2+ showed variation between years, with no effect due to the application of bioregulators. The use of the evaluated growth bioregulators could be an agronomic management strategy to minimize alternation in 'Western Schley' pecan trees.

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