DINÁMICA ESPACIO-TEMPORAL DEL USO DEL SUELO: IMPLICACIONES ECOLÓGICAS POR CONSTRUCCIÓN DEL GASODUCTO EL ENCINO-TOPOLOBAMPO EN BOSQUES TEMPLADOS DE CHIHUAHUA, MÉXICO.

MARTÍNEZ HERNÁNDEZ, ADALIZ CATALINA (2021) DINÁMICA ESPACIO-TEMPORAL DEL USO DEL SUELO: IMPLICACIONES ECOLÓGICAS POR CONSTRUCCIÓN DEL GASODUCTO EL ENCINO-TOPOLOBAMPO EN BOSQUES TEMPLADOS DE CHIHUAHUA, MÉXICO. Maestría thesis, UNIVERSIDAD AUTONOMA DE CHIHUAHUA.

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Resumen

Urban growth has driven the expansion of infrastructure in order to meet needs and improve living conditions. However, this development has sometimes led to a serious alteration and degradation of ecosystems, changing land use and causing loss of biodiversity. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the fragmentation level (through different metrics) and the level of forest disturbance (derived from a combination of Tasseled Cap transformation) produced by the change in land use in temperate forests of Chihuahua; area of influence of the El Encino-Topolobampo pipeline, in 2014 and 2019 (before and after construction). To comply with the above, images from the Landsat OLI8 satellite were analyzed with geographic information systems. The evaluation of the precision of the classifications was carried out with the Kappa index. It was obtained that in 2019, compared to 2014, the surfaces of the pine-oak and low-deciduous forest classes decreased 4.47 % and 0.39 %, while open areas and secondary shrubby pine-oak vegetation increased 1.76 % and 3.09 %, respectively. Likewise, a more advanced fragmentation process is carried out and an increase in disturbance for the pine-oak forests. The analysis shown that temperate forests are ecosystems susceptible to the construction of a pipeline, and they show to be valuable methods for evaluating the impacts produced by infrastructure projects.

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